Iyini irutha?
Ama-routers asetshenziswa kakhulu kumanethiwekhi endawo kanye namanethiwekhi endawo ebanzi.Ingaxhuma amanethiwekhi amaningi noma izingxenye zenethiwekhi ukuze “zihumushe” ulwazi lwedatha phakathi kwamanethiwekhi ahlukene noma izingxenye zenethiwekhi, ukuze “bafunde” idatha yomunye nomunye ukuze bakhe i-inthanethi enkudlwana.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inemisebenzi efana nokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi, ukucubungula idatha, nokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi.
Yini ukushintsha
Kalula nje, inkinobho, eyaziwa nangokuthi ihabhu yokushintsha.Umehluko ku-router ukuthi ingakwazi ukuxhuma ohlotsheni olufanayo lwenethiwekhi, ixhumane nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamanethiwekhi (njenge-Ethernet ne-Fast Ethernet), futhi yenze lawa makhompyutha akhe inethiwekhi.
Ingakwazi ukudlulisa amasignali kagesi futhi inikeze izindlela zesignali zikagesi ezikhethekile zanoma imaphi amanodi enethiwekhi amabili axhunywe kuyo, ngaleyo ndlela igweme ukungqubuzana kokudlulisela kanye namachweba futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenzisa i-broadband.
Ukushintsha okujwayelekile kuhlanganisa ukushintsha kwe-Ethernet, ukushintsha kwenethiwekhi yendawo kanye nokushintsha kwe-WAN, kanye nokushintsha kwe-fiber optical kanye nokushintsha kwezwi locingo.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-router nokushintsha:
1. Ngokombono wokusebenza, i-router inomsebenzi wokudayela obonakalayo, ongabela i-IP ngokuzenzakalelayo.Amakhompyutha axhunywe ku-inthanethi angabelana nge-akhawunti ye-broadband kumzila ofanayo, futhi amakhompyutha akunethiwekhi yendawo efanayo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuvikela umlilo.Iswishi ayinazo izinsizakalo nemisebenzi enjalo, kodwa ingadlulisela ngokushesha idatha endaweni okuyiwa kuyo ngokusebenzisa i-matrix yokushintsha yangaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela ilondoloze izinsiza zenethiwekhi futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
2. Ngokombono wento yokudlulisela idatha, i-router inquma ukuthi ikheli lokudlulisela idatha lisebenzisa inombolo ye-ID yenethiwekhi ehlukile, futhi iswishi inquma ikheli lokudlulisela idatha ngokusebenzisa ikheli le-MAC noma ikheli lendawo.
3. Kusukela ezingeni lokusebenza, i-router isebenza ngokusekelwe ekhelini le-IP futhi isebenza kungqimba yenethiwekhi yemodeli ye-OSI, engakwazi ukuphatha iphrothokholi ye-TCP/IP;inkinobho isebenza kungqimba edluliselwe ngokusekelwe ekhelini le-MAC.
4. Ngokombono wokuhlukaniswa, umzila ungahlukanisa isizinda sokusakaza, futhi ukushintsha kungahlukanisa kuphela isizinda sokungqubuzana.
5. Ngokombono wendawo yohlelo lokusebenza, ama-routers asetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ukuxhuma ama-LAN namanethiwekhi angaphandle, futhi amaswishi asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukudlulisa idatha kuma-LAN.
6. Ngokombono wokubuka, kukhona izindlela ezintathu zokuhlangana: Imbobo ye-AUI, imbobo ye-RJ-45, imbobo ye-SC, kunezindawo eziningi zokushintshwa, njenge-Console port, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-MGMT, imbobo ye-RJ45, i-optical fiber interface, i-auc interface, vty interface kanye vlanif Interface, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-30-2021