I-DWDM kunye ne-OTN zimbini iinkqubo zobugcisa eziphuhliswe yi-teknoloji yokuhambisa i-wavelength division kwiminyaka yamuva: I-DWDM inokuthathwa njenge-PDH yangaphambili (i-point-to-point transmission), kunye neenkonzo ze-intanethi kunye ne-intanethi zigqitywe kwi-ODF ngokusebenzisa i-jumpers enzima;I-OTN ifana ne-SDH (iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-Networking), kunye nomsebenzi wokudibanisa okunqamlezileyo (nokuba kukuqhagamshelwa komgca wombane okanye i-optical layer).
Ngokuqhubekayo ukukhawuleza kwenkqubo ye-IP YONKE, okwangoku, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umqolo wesizwe, umqolo wephondo okanye inkqubo ye-WDM yenethiwekhi yendawo, i-OTN iyona nto iphambili xa ukhetha izixhobo kwinqanaba lokuqala lokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi.Izixhobo ze-OTN ziye zatshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe izixhobo ze-DWDM kunye neenzuzo zayo ezizodwa (Efana nezixhobo zeSDH ezithatha indawo ye-PDH).Njengobuchwephesha obutsha kunye nemveliso entsha, i-OTN iye yaba yingqwalasela yoshishino lwangoku.Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya kwaye lithelekise i-DWDM, izixhobo ze-OTN kunye nobuchwepheshe.
I-1 iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko ze-DWDM kunye ne-OTN
Ngokutshintsha kweemfuno zenkonzo kunye ne-granularity, kuyimfuneko ukuphindaphinda iinkonzo ezinkulu ze-granularity ngokusebenzisa imicu ye-optical (i-fiber enye okanye i-fiber-fiber) kwaye emva koko iyahlula kwii-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo zokusasazwa komgama omde.Itekhnoloji yokuphindaphinda itekhnoloji yolwahlulo lwamaza ivela njengoko amaxesha afuna.
I-DWDM yi-wavelength division multiplexing (i-Wavelength Division Multiplexing), ephindaphinda izibonakaliso ze-optical zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwi-fiber efanayo yokudluliselwa.Itekhnoloji ye-WDM yitekhnoloji yolwahlulo lwamaza emveli ekhulileyo iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi.Inokwahlulwa ibe yimilinganiselo emibini: i-sparse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM), kunye ne-wavelength interval enkulu (20nm);i-dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), enesithuba esincinci se-wavelength (ngaphantsi okanye esilingana ne-0.8nm).Ngenxa yokuhanjiswa komgama omfutshane we-CWDM, inani elikhulu lezixhobo ze-DWDM zifakwe kwiinethiwekhi ezikhoyo zothumelo lwabaqhubi abahlukeneyo.
Inkqubo ye-DWDM evulekileyo iqulethe ezi nxalenye zilandelayo: I-OTM igqiba ukulayishwa kwenkonzo kunye nokukhulula kwisikhululo se-terminal optical line, i-OA igqiba ukucutshungulwa kwe-relay amplification ecocekileyo ye-multiplexed yesiginali ye-optical line amplifying station, kwaye i-OTU igqiba i-non-standard. Ukukhanya komqondiso we-waveleng ukuhlangabezana ne-G .694.1 (2) umsebenzi wokuguqulwa kwe-wavelength yokukhanya komqondiso we-wavelength, i-OMU/ODU: igqibezela i-multiplexing/demultiplexing ye-G.694.1 (2) isignali yokukhanya okusisigxina, i-OBA (i-amplifier yamandla) iyaphucula. amandla esignali edibeneyo ye-optical ngokunyuka, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa amandla okukhanya okuphumayo kwi-wavelength nganye, kunye ne-OPA (i-pre-amplification) iphucula uvakalelo olufumanayo lwe-wavelength nganye ngokwandisa amandla okukhanya kwegalelo le-multiplexed signal.
I-OTN yi-Optical Transport Network (i-Optical Transport Network), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-OTH (i-Optical Transport Hierarchy) kwi-ITU-T.Yaphuhliswa ngesiseko sokwahlulwa kwe-wavelength yendabuko kwaye idibanise iingenelo ze-DWDM kunye ne-SDH.Idibanisa iingenelo ze-optical domain kunye nokusetyenzwa kwesizinda sombane, ibonelela ngomthamo omkhulu wothumelo, i-transparent end-to-end wavelength/sub-wavelength connection kunye nokhuseleko lwenqanaba lomthwali, kwaye bubuchwephesha obugqwesileyo bokuhambisa iinkonzo ze-broadband-particle ezinkulu.Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, abaqhubi baye basasaza izixhobo ze-OTN ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kwiinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo zothumelo.
2 Ukuthelekiswa kweempawu zobugcisa be-DWDM kunye ne-OTN
Nangona inkqubo ye-DWDM iphucula kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kwe-fiber optical fibers kunye nokuxhasa ukuhanjiswa kweenkonzo ezinkulu ze-granularity, ngenxa yokukhawulelana kwe-teknoloji ye-wavelength division, i-wavelengths iqulunqwe kwifom ye-point-to-point kwaye ayikwazi ukulungiswa ngamandla.Izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo aliphezulu, kwaye ukuguquguquka kohlengahlengiso lwenkonzo akwanele.Ukuhamba kweshishini kutshintshile, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukulungisa.Ukucwangcisa phakathi kweenkonzo ze-DWDM ikakhulu kukucwangcisa ngokwasemzimbeni kwi-ODF.Ulawulo lwenethiwekhi lujonga kuphela ukusebenza kwe-optical layer (i-bytes zolawulo lwenethiwekhi zimbalwa kwaye ulwazi lolawulo lwenethiwekhi lulula), kwaye kukho iindlela ezimbalwa zokusombulula ingxaki kunye nobunzima bokugcinwa okuphezulu.
I-OTN izuza njengelifa umsebenzi wothumelo womthamo omkhulu we-DWDM kwaye ine-flexible optoelectronic joint scheduling and protection capabilities.Ngokusungulwa kweteknoloji ye-ROADM, iteknoloji ye-OTH, i-G.709 i-encapsulation kunye nendiza yokulawula, ixazulula ingxaki yothungelwano lwe-WDM yendabuko ngaphandle kokukwazi ukucwangciswa kwenkonzo ye-wavelength / sub-wavelength., Ubunakho bothungelwano obubuthathaka, amandla okhuseleko olubuthathaka kunye neminye imiba.Uluhlu lombane lusebenzisa ukucwangciswa okusekelwe kwi-sub-wavelengths (efana ne-GE, 2.5G, 10G, 40G, 100G particles), kunye ne-optical layer scheduling isekelwe ikakhulu kwi-10G, 40G okanye i-100G yamaza, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-bandwidth ephezulu;ine-bytes ezininzi eziphezulu, kwaye i-OAM yayo Umsebenzi we/P womelele kuneWDM.
Ukongezelela, i-OTN kunye ne-DWDM ingasetyenziselwa ngokufanayo kwi-optical layer, umahluko kukuba i-OTN ine-subframe yombane.Ngoko ke, ezinye izixhobo ze-DWDM kuthungelwano olukhoyo zongezwa nge-electronic cross-connect sub-frames kwaye ziphuculwe kwi-OTN.
I-3 DWDM kunye ne-OTN yokuthelekisa uthungelwano
Inethiwekhi edibeneyo ye-OTN kunye ne-DWDM iya kulahlekelwa inzuzo ye-OTN (isakhiwo sesakhelo sihluke kwi-WDM yendabuko, kwaye uxhumano luya kuba nefuthe).
Ekubeni i-OTN i-optical cross-connect iphunyezwa ikakhulu yimodyuli ye-ROADM (elayishwe nge-WSS switch), ngokuqwalasela ixabiso eliphezulu le-ROADM, i-OM / OD kunye ne-OADM zisetyenziselwa ukwenza inethiwekhi yendandatho kunye ne-chain network networking ye-OTN.
Kuthungelwano olubotshelelwe ngamatyathanga (olufana nemigca yomgama omde), izibonelelo ze-OTN azibonakalisi ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yenkonzo ephakathi emiselweyo kunye neendlela zokukhusela, kodwa kusekho izinto eziluncedo kwezinye iinkalo (ukusebenza okuphezulu kwejelo kukhokelela kwiindleko eziphantsi kunendlela yokhuseleko. yemveli WDM) , uthungelwano lwe-trunk yangoku isebenzisa kakhulu i-DWDM kunye ne-OTN kuthungelwano oluphezulu.
Kwinethiwekhi yendawo, ekubeni iinkonzo kufuneka zixhunywe rhoqo, isakhiwo senethiwekhi sihlala sitshintshwa kwaye sicwangciswa, kwaye indlela yokukhusela kufuneka iguqulwe ngokuguquguqukayo, i-WDM yendabuko kufuneka ingakwazi ukwenza oko.Izinto eziluncedo zokusebenzisa i-OTN networking ziyabonakala.
I-OTN ibonelela ngokukwazi ukulawula ubude be-waveleng nganye kwifiber nganye, kwaye i-OTN inokuziqhelanisa ngcono nophuhliso lwenethiwekhi yexesha elizayo.
4 Uthelekiso lweDWDM kunye neeNkonzo zabathwali be-OTN
Imfuno ye-OTN ye-crossover yombane ivela ekuveleni kwesantya esisodwa se-10G yamaza.Xa umjelo ufikelela kwi-10G, i-OTU yayo inokuthwala i-4 * 2.5G okanye i-8 kwi-9 GEs;I-DWDM yamkela indlela yokukhomba-kwinqaku.Ukuba imfuno yenkonzo incinci, utyalo-mali lwe-OTU lubonakala luyinkcitho.Kule njongo, kuyimfuneko ukwazisa umsebenzi wokudibanisa umnqamlezo ofana ne-SDH kwi-DWDM, ukwenzela ukuba uguqule umsebenzi wokudibanisa umbane we-OTN.
I-OTN inamandla okuwela umbane, oko kukuthi, i-sub-rate crossover capability ngetshaneli (kakhulu njenge-SDH).Ngexesha elifanayo, i-optical cross-connection kunye ne-cross-connection yombane izimeleyo enye kwenye.Ukuba kukho uqhagamshelo lwe-optical cross-connection kodwa akukho ludibaniso olunqamlezileyo lombane, okanye uqhagamshelo olunqamlezileyo lombane ngaphandle koqhagamshelo olunqamlezileyo lwe-optical, inokubizwa ngokuba yi-OTN.
Ngenxa yokungafani kwiimodeli zokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi (iindleko, i-particle yenkonzo kunye ne-flow direction), indlela ye-crossover yombane isetyenziswa kakhulu e-China, kwaye indlela ye-optical crossover isetyenziswa kakhulu phesheya.
5 Isiphelo
Ngokuhlalutya okungentla kunye nokuthelekisa, kunokubonwa ukuba i-OTN kunye ne-DWDM zihluke kakhulu ngokwethekhnoloji kunye nokusetyenziswa.Ukusuka kwimbono yomthamo woqhagamshelo olunqamlezileyo, ubumbumbulu benkonzo kunye nokuguquguquka kothungelwano, i-OTN inamandla kakhulu kwaye inokuhlangabezana ngcono neemfuno zoqhagamshelo lomnatha wexesha elizayo.
Ngenxa yokungafihli kokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo yenkqubo ye-OTN, amandla okulungisa impazamo eyomeleleyo, i-flexible optical/electrical layer scheduling, ikhono lokulawula ukugcinwa kunye nobukhulu bomthamo wesixhobo (i-80 * 100G izixhobo ngoku zithengiswa), iinethiwekhi ezahlukeneyo zothumelo ibe yinto engenakuphepheka.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-25-2022