Okokuqala, kufuneka sicacise ukuba unxibelelwano lwe-5G alufani ne-5Ghz Wi-Fi esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje.Unxibelelwano lwe-5G eneneni sisishunqulelo se-5th Generation network networks, ebhekisa ikakhulu kubuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano lweselula.Kwaye i-5G yethu apha ibhekisela kwi-5GHz kumgangatho we-WiFi, ebhekisela kwisignali ye-WiFi esebenzisa i-frequency band ye-5GHz ukuhambisa idatha.
Phantse zonke izixhobo ze-Wi-Fi kwimarike ngoku zixhasa i-2.4 GHz, kwaye izixhobo ezingcono zinokuxhasa zombini, ezizezi 2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz.Iirotha zebroadband ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuba zii-router ezimbini ze-wireless.
Masithethe nge-2.4GHz kunye ne-5GHz kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi engezantsi.
Ukuphuhliswa kweteknoloji ye-Wi-Fi inembali ye-20 iminyaka, ukusuka kwisizukulwana sokuqala se-802.11b ukuya kwi-802.11g, 802.11a, 802.11n, kunye ne-802.11ax yangoku (WiFi6).
Wi-Fi umgangatho
Wifi wireless sisifinyezo nje.Ngokwenyani ziseti esezantsi ye-802.11 yomgangatho wothungelwano lwengingqi yendawo.Ukususela ekuzalweni kwayo ngo-1997, iinguqulelo ezingaphezu kwe-35 zobukhulu obuhlukeneyo ziye zaphuhliswa.Phakathi kwazo, i-802.11a/b/g/n/ac iye yaphuhliswa ezinye iinguqulelo ezintandathu ezikhulileyo.
IEEE 802.11a
I-IEEE 802.11a ngumgangatho ohlaziyiweyo womgangatho wokuqala we-802.11 kwaye wamkelwa ngo-1999. Umgangatho we-802.11a usebenzisa iprotocol engundoqo efanayo njengomgangatho wokuqala.I-frequency yokusebenza yi-5GHz, i-52 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing subcarriers isetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ubuninzi bezinga lokuhanjiswa kwedatha ekrwada yi-54Mb / s, efezekisa i-throughput ephakathi yenethiwekhi yangempela.(20Mb/s) iimfuno.
Ngenxa yebhendi ye-frequency ye-2.4G eyandayo, ukusetyenziswa kwebhendi ye-5G kuphuculo olubalulekileyo lwe-802.11a.Nangona kunjalo, kuzisa iingxaki.Umgama wothumelo awulunganga njenge-802.11b/g;kwithiyori, izibonakaliso ze-5G zilula ukuvalelwa kwaye zifakwe kwiindonga, ngoko ukugubungela kwe-802.11a akulungile njenge-801.11b.I-802.11a nayo inokuphazamiseka, kodwa ngenxa yokuba akukho zibonakaliso ezininzi zokuphazamiseka ezikufutshane, i-802.11a idla ngokuba ne-output engcono.
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b ngumgangatho wothungelwano lwengingqi olungenazingcingo.I-frequency carrier yi-2.4GHz, enokubonelela ngezantya ezininzi zothumelo lwe-1, 2, 5.5 kunye ne-11Mbit / s.Ngamanye amaxesha ibhalwe ngokungalunganga njenge-Wi-Fi.Ngapha koko, iWi-Fi luphawu lwentengiso yeWi-Fi Alliance.Olu phawu lwentengiso luqinisekisa kuphela ukuba iimpahla ezisebenzisa uphawu lwentengiso zinokusebenzisana, kwaye azinanto yakwenza nomgangatho ngokwawo.Kwibhendi ye-frequency ye-2.4-GHz ye-ISM, kukho iitshaneli ezili-11 zizonke ezine-bandwidth ye-22MHz, eziyi-11 ezijikelezayo.Umlandeli we-IEEE 802.11b ngu-IEEE 802.11g.
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11g yapasiswa ngoJulayi 2003. Ukuphindaphinda komphathi wayo yi-2.4GHz (efana ne-802.11b), iyonke i-14 bands frequency, isantya sokuqala sothumelo yi-54Mbit / s, kwaye isantya sothumelo lomnatha simalunga ne-24.7Mbit / s (efana 802.11a).Izixhobo ze-802.11g ziphantsi zihambelana ne-802.11b.
Kamva, abanye abavelisi be-wireless router baphuhlisa imigangatho emitsha esekelwe kumgangatho we-IEEE 802.11g ekuphenduleni iimfuno zemarike, kwaye bandise isantya sokudluliselwa kwethiyori kwi-108Mbit / s okanye i-125Mbit / s.
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11n ngumgangatho ophuhliswe ngesiseko se-802.11-2007 liqela elitsha elisebenzayo elenziwe yi-IEEE ngoJanuwari 2004 kwaye yamkelwa ngokusesikweni ngoSeptemba 2009. Umgangatho wongeza inkxaso ye-MIMO, evumela i-wirewidth engenazingcingo ye-40MHz, kunye nethiyori. Isantya esiphezulu sothumelo yi-600Mbit/s.Ngexesha elifanayo, ngokusebenzisa ikhowudi yebhloko yendawo ecetywayo yi-Alamouti, umgangatho wandisa uluhlu lokuhanjiswa kwedatha.
IEEE 802.11ac
I-IEEE 802.11ac ngumgangatho ophuhlisayo we-802.11 wenethiwekhi yekhompyutha engenazingcingo, esebenzisa i-6GHz frequency band (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-5GHz frequency band) yonxibelelwano lwengingqi (WLAN) engenazingcingo.Kwithiyori, inokubonelela ubuncinci be-1 Gigabit ngesibini i-bandwidth ye-multi-station wireless local area network (WLAN) yonxibelelwano, okanye ubuncinane i-500 megabits ngesekhondi (500 Mbit / s) yothungelwano olulodwa lonxibelelwano.
Yamkela kwaye yandise ingcamango yojongano lomoya ephuma kwi-802.11n, kubandakanywa: ububanzi be-RF (ukuya kwi-160 MHz), imilambo yendawo ye-MIMO (inyuke ukuya kwi-8), i-MU-MIMO , kunye nokuchithwa kwe-high-density (modulation, ukuya kwi-256QAM) ).Ingumlandeli onokubakho kwi-IEEE 802.11n.
IEEE 802.11ax
Ngo-2017, i-Broadcom yakhokela ekusunguleni i-chip ye-802.11ax engenazingcingo.Ngenxa yokuba i-802.11ad yangaphambili yayikwibhendi ye-frequency ye-60GHZ, nangona isantya sothumelo sanyuswa, ukugubungela kwayo kwakulinganiselwe, kwaye yaba buchwephesha obusebenzayo obuncedisa i-802.11ac.Ngokutsho kweprojekthi esemthethweni ye-IEEE, i-Wi-Fi yesizukulwana sesithandathu esifumana ilifa le-802.11ac yi-802.11ax, kwaye isixhobo sokwabelana esixhasayo siqaliswe ukususela kwi-2018.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-2.4GHz kunye ne-5GHz
Isizukulwana sokuqala somgangatho wothumelo olungenazingcingo i-IEEE 802.11 yazalwa ngo-1997, ngoko ke izixhobo zombane ezininzi zisebenzisa i-2.4GHz frequency frequency, efana nee-oveni zemicrowave, izixhobo zeBluetooth, njl. Umqondiso uchaphazeleka kumlinganiselo othile, njengendlela eneenqwelo ezitsalwa ngamahashe, iibhayisikili kunye neemoto ezihamba ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nesantya sokuhamba kweemoto sichaphazeleka ngokwemvelo.
I-WiFi ye-5GHz isebenzisa ibhendi yefrikhwensi ephezulu ukuzisa ingxinano encinci yesitishi.Isebenzisa amajelo angama-22 kwaye ayiphazamisi omnye komnye.Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela ezi-3 ze-2.4GHz, kunciphisa kakhulu ukuxinana kweempawu.Ngoko izinga lothumelo lwe-5GHz yi-5GHz ngokukhawuleza kune-2.4GHz.
I-5GHz Wi-Fi frequency band isebenzisa i-protocol yesizukulwana sesihlanu i-802.11ac protocol inokufikelela kwisantya sothumelo se-433Mbps phantsi kwe-bandwidth ye-80MHz, kunye nesantya sothumelo se-866Mbps phantsi kwe-bandwidth ye-160MHz, xa kuthelekiswa ne-2.4GHz isantya esiphezulu izinga le-300Mbps liphuculwe kakhulu.
5GHz Ayinasithintelo
Nangona kunjalo, i-5GHz Wi-Fi nayo ineentsilelo.Ukusilela kwayo kulele kumgama wothumelo kunye nokukwazi ukunqumla imiqobo.
Ngenxa yokuba i-Wi-Fi iliza lombane, eyona ndlela iphambili yokusasaza kukusasazwa komgca othe ngqo.Xa idibana nemiqobo, iya kuvelisa ukungena, ukubonakalisa, ukuphazamiseka kunye nezinye izinto.Phakathi kwabo, ukungena kuyona nto iphambili, kwaye inxalenye encinci yesignali iya kwenzeka.Ukucinga kunye nokuphazamiseka.Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zamaza kanomathotholo kukuba okukhona kusezantsi i-frequency, kokukhona ubude bamaza, ilahleko encinci ngexesha lokusasaza, kokukhona ukugubungela, kwaye kulula ukudlula imiqobo;okukhona iphezulu i-frequency, incinci i-coverage kwaye inzima ngakumbi.Hamba ujikeleze imiqobo.
Ke ngoko, isiginali ye-5G enezandi eziphakamileyo kunye nobude obufutshane bobude bunendawo encinci yokugubungela, kwaye ukukwazi ukudlula kwimiqobo akulunganga njenge-2.4GHz.
Ngokubhekiselele kumgama wothumelo, i-2.4GHz Wi-Fi inokufikelela kwindawo ephezulu yeemitha ezingama-70 ngaphakathi endlini, kunye nobukhulu obungaphezulu beemitha ezingama-250 ngaphandle.Kwaye i-5GHz Wi-Fi inokufikelela kuphela kukhuselo oluphezulu lweemitha ezingama-35 ngaphakathi.
Lo mzobo ungezantsi ubonisa uthelekiso lwe-Ekahau Site Survey's coverage phakathi kwe-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz iibhendi zokuphindaphinda zomyili wenyani.Owona mbala umnyama kakhulu kwimifuziselo emibini umele isantya se-150 Mbps.Ibomvu kwi-2.4 GHz simulation ibonisa isantya se-1 Mbps, kwaye ebomvu kwi-5 GHz ibonisa isantya se-6 Mbps.Njengoko ubona, ukugqunywa kwe-2.4 GHz APs ngenene kukhulu kancinci, kodwa isantya esisemaphethelweni e-5 GHz sikhawuleza.
I-5 GHz kunye ne-2.4 GHz zi-frequencies ezahlukeneyo, nganye yazo ineenzuzo zenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, kwaye ezi nzuzo zinokuxhomekeke kwindlela ocwangcisa ngayo inethiwekhi-ingakumbi xa uqwalasela uluhlu kunye nemiqobo (endonga, njl.) ukuba umqondiso unokufuna. ukugubungela Ngaba kuninzi kakhulu?
Ukuba ufuna ukugubungela indawo enkulu okanye ube nokungena okuphezulu kwiindonga, i-2.4 GHz iya kuba ngcono.Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwale mida, i-5 GHz lukhetho olukhawulezayo.Xa sidibanisa iingenelo kunye nezingeloncedo zezi bhendi zimbini zefrikhwensi kwaye sizidibanise zibe nye, ngokusebenzisa iindawo zofikelelo ezimbini-ibhendi kubhengezo olungenazingcingo, sinokuphinda kabini i-bandwidth engenazingcingo, sinciphise impembelelo yokuphazamiseka, kwaye sonwabele yonke imijikelo ye-Wi engcono. -Fi network.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-09-2021