Sida degdega ah loo kala saaro furayaasha iyo router-yada

Waa maxay router?

Router-yada waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa shabakadaha aagga deegaanka iyo shabakadaha aagga ballaaran.Waxay ku xidhi kartaa shabakado badan ama qaybo shabakad si ay u "tarjumaan" xogta xogta u dhaxaysa shabkado kala duwan ama qaybaha shabakada, si ay "akhriiyaan" midba midka kale xogtiisa si ay u sameeyaan internet weyn.Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay leedahay hawlo ay ka mid yihiin maaraynta shabakada, habaynta xogta, iyo isku xidhka shabakada.

Waa maxay beddelka

Si fudud loo dhigo, furaha, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano xuddunta beddelka.Farqiga u dhexeeya router waa in uu isku xiri karo shabakad isku mid ah, isku xiri kara noocyada kala duwan ee shabakadaha (sida Ethernet iyo Fast Ethernet), oo ka dhigaya kombuyuutaradaasi inay sameeyaan shabakad.

Waxay u gudbin kartaa calaamadaha korantada oo ay siin kartaa dariiqyo calaamad koronto oo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay labada nood ee shabakadaha ku xiran, si ay uga fogaato gudbinta iyo isku dhacyada dekeda waxayna hagaajinaysaa waxtarka isticmaalka ballaaran.

Furayaasha caadiga ah waxaa ka mid ah furayaasha Ethernet, shabakadaha shabakadaha degaanka iyo furayaasha WAN, iyo sidoo kale furayaasha indhaha iyo furayaasha codka telefoonka.

Farqiga u dhexeeya router iyo beddelka:

1. Marka laga eego dhinaca aragtida shaqada, router-ku wuxuu leeyahay shaqo garaac ah, kaas oo si toos ah u meelayn kara IP.Kumbuyuutarrada ku xiran intarneedka waxay wadaagi karaan akoon ballaaran oo isku mid ah router, kombuyuutarkuna waa isku shabakad degaanka ah.Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay bixin kartaa adeegyada firewall.Dabooluhu ma laha adeegyada iyo shaqooyinkaas, laakiin waxay si dhakhso ah ugu gudbin kartaa xogta halka loo socdo iyada oo loo marayo jaantuska beddelka gudaha, si loo badbaadiyo ilaha shabakada iyo hagaajinta waxtarka.

2. Marka loo eego shayga gudbinta xogta, router-ku wuxuu go'aamiyaa in ciwaanka xogta loo gudbinayo uu isticmaalo lambarka aqoonsiga shabakad kale, bedelkuna wuxuu go'aamiyaa ciwaanka gudbinta xogta isagoo isticmaalaya ciwaanka MAC ama ciwaanka jireed.

3. Laga soo bilaabo heerka shaqada, router wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa ku salaysan cinwaanka IP wuxuuna ka shaqeeyaa lakabka shabakada ee qaabka OSI, kaas oo xakameyn kara nidaamka TCP/IP;furuhu wuxuu ku shaqeeyaa lakabka gudbinta ee ku salaysan cinwaanka MAC.

4. Marka loo eego dhinaca kala-qaybinta, router-ku wuxuu u qaybin karaa domain-ka baahinta, bedelkuna wuxuu qaybin karaa oo keliya qaybta isku dhaca.

5. Marka loo eego goobta codsiga, router-yada waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xiro LAN-yada iyo shabakadaha dibadda, iyo furayaasha inta badan loo isticmaalo gudbinta xogta LANs.

6. Laga soo bilaabo barta interface ee view, waxaa jira saddex router interfaces: AUI dekedda, RJ-45 dekedda, SC dekedda, waxaa jira interfaces beddelo badan, sida dekedda Console, interface MGMT, dekedda RJ45, interface fiber indhaha, interface auc. vty interface iyo vlanif Interface, iwm.