Mbere ya byose, tugomba kumvikanisha neza ko itumanaho rya 5G ritameze nka 5Ghz Wi-Fi tugiye kuvuga uyu munsi.Itumanaho rya 5G mubyukuri ni impfunyapfunyo yimiyoboro ya 5 ya Generation igendanwa, yerekeza cyane cyane muburyo bwitumanaho rya terefone igendanwa.Kandi 5G yacu hano yerekeza kuri 5GHz murwego rwa WiFi, bivuga ikimenyetso cya WiFi ikoresha umurongo wa 5GHz mugutanga amakuru.
Ibikoresho hafi ya byose bya Wi-Fi ku isoko ubu bishyigikira GHz 2.4, kandi ibikoresho byiza birashobora gushyigikira byombi, aribyo 2.4 GHz na 5 GHz.Imiyoboro ngari nkiyi yitwa dual-band idafite umugozi.
Reka tuvuge kuri 2.4GHz na 5GHz murusobe rwa Wi-Fi hepfo.
Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya Wi-Fi rifite amateka yimyaka 20, kuva ku gisekuru cya mbere cya 802.11b kugeza 802.11g, 802.11a, 802.11n, no kuri 802.11ax (WiFi6).
Ubusanzwe Wi-Fi
Umugozi wa WiFi ni impfunyapfunyo.Mubyukuri ni agace ka 802.11 utagira umugozi waho urwego rusanzwe.Kuva yavuka mu 1997, hateguwe verisiyo zirenga 35 z'ubunini butandukanye.Muri byo, 802.11a / b / g / n / ac yateguwe izindi esheshatu zikuze.
IEEE 802.11a
IEEE 802.11a ni igipimo cyavuguruwe cyambere cyambere 802.11 kandi cyemejwe muri 1999. Igipimo cya 802.11a gikoresha protocole yibanze nkibisanzwe byumwimerere.Imikorere yumurongo ni 5GHz, 52 ya orthogonal frequency frequency multiplexing subcarrier irakoreshwa, kandi igipimo ntarengwa cyo kohereza amakuru ni 54Mb / s, igera kumurongo wo hagati wurusobe nyirizina.(20Mb / s) ibisabwa.
Bitewe nubwinshi bwumurongo wa 2.4G, gukoresha umurongo wa 5G ni iterambere ryingenzi rya 802.11a.Ariko, izana kandi ibibazo.Intera yo kohereza ntabwo ari nziza nka 802.11b / g;mubitekerezo, ibimenyetso 5G byoroshye guhagarikwa no kwinjizwa nurukuta, kubwibyo gukwirakwiza 802.11a ntabwo ari byiza nka 801.11b.802.11a irashobora kandi kubangamirwa, ariko kubera ko nta bimenyetso byinshi bibangamira hafi, 802.11a mubisanzwe bifite ibicuruzwa byiza.
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b nigipimo cyumuyoboro waho utagira umugozi.Inshuro zitwara ni 2.4GHz, zishobora gutanga umuvuduko mwinshi wa 1, 2, 5.5 na 11Mbit / s.Rimwe na rimwe byanditse nabi nka Wi-Fi.Mubyukuri, Wi-Fi ni ikirango cya Wi-Fi Ihuriro.Ikirangantego cyemeza gusa ko ibicuruzwa ukoresheje ikirango bishobora gufatanya, kandi ntaho bihuriye nibisanzwe ubwabyo.Muri bande ya 2.4-GHz ISM yumurongo, hariho imiyoboro 11 yose hamwe nubunini bwa 22MHz, ni 11 zuzuzanya.Uzasimbura IEEE 802.11b ni IEEE 802.11g.
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11g yatambutse muri Nyakanga 2003. Inshuro yabatwara ni 2,4GHz (kimwe na 802.11b), imirongo 14 yose hamwe, umuvuduko wambere woherejwe ni 54Mbit / s, naho umuvuduko wa neti ni 24.7Mbit / s (kimwe na 802.11a).Ibikoresho 802.11g biramanuka bihuye na 802.11b.
Nyuma, bamwe mubakora router idafite umugozi bashizeho ibipimo bishya bishingiye kuri IEEE 802.11g kugirango basubize ibikenewe ku isoko, kandi byongera umuvuduko wo kohereza kuri 108Mbit / s cyangwa 125Mbit / s.
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11n ni igipimo cyateguwe hashingiwe kuri 802.11-2007 nitsinda rishya ryashinzwe ryashinzwe na IEEE muri Mutarama 2004 kandi ryemejwe ku mugaragaro muri Nzeri 2009. Ibipimo byongerera inkunga MIMO, bituma umurongo wa 40MHz utagira umugozi, hamwe n’igitekerezo umuvuduko mwinshi wohereza ni 600Mbit / s.Mugihe kimwe, ukoresheje umwanya-umwanya wo guhagarika kode yatanzwe na Alamouti, ibisanzwe byagura intera yo kohereza amakuru.
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE 802.11ac niterambere rya 802.11 itumanaho rya mudasobwa itumanaho rya mudasobwa, ikoresha umurongo wa 6GHz (nanone izwi nka 5GHz yumurongo wa terefegitura) kumurongo woguhuza uturere (WLAN).Mubyigisho, irashobora gutanga byibuze 1 Gigabit kumasegonda yumurongo wa terefegitura itagira umurongo wa interineti (WLAN) itumanaho, cyangwa byibura megabits 500 kumasegonda (500 Mbit / s) kumurongo umwe wohereza.
Iremera kandi ikagura icyerekezo cyikirere gikomoka kuri 802.11n, harimo: umurongo mugari wa RF (kugeza kuri 160 MHz), imigezi myinshi ya MIMO (yongerewe kugera kuri 8), MU-MIMO, Na demodulation yuzuye (modulation, kugeza kuri 256QAM ).Nibishobora gusimbura IEEE 802.11n.
IEEE 802.11ax
Muri 2017, Broadcom yafashe iyambere mugutangiza chip ya 802.11ax.Kuberako 802.11ad yabanje yari muri bande ya 60GHZ yumurongo, nubwo umuvuduko wogukwirakwiza wariyongereye, ubwishingizi bwayo bwari buke, kandi byahindutse ikorana buhanga rifasha 802.11ac.Nk’uko umushinga wemewe wa IEEE ubitangaza, Wi-Fi yo mu gisekuru cya gatandatu iragwa 802.11ac ni 802.11ax, kandi igikoresho cyo kugabana cyashyigikiwe cyatangijwe kuva mu 2018.
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya 2.4GHz na 5GHz
Igisekuru cya mbere cyogukwirakwiza simusiga IEEE 802.11 cyavutse 1997, kuburyo ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoronike muri rusange bikoresha 2.4GHz yumurongo utagikoreshwa, nk'itanura rya microwave, ibikoresho bya Bluetooth, nibindi, bizabangamira byinshi cyangwa bike kuri Wi-FI 2.4GHz, bityo Ikimenyetso kigira ingaruka ku rugero runaka, kimwe n'umuhanda urimo amagare akururwa n'amafarasi, amagare n'imodoka bigenda icyarimwe, kandi umuvuduko wo kugenda w'imodoka mubisanzwe bigira ingaruka.
5GHz WiFi ikoresha umurongo muremure kugirango uzane umuyoboro muke.Ikoresha imiyoboro 22 kandi ntabwo ibangamira undi.Ugereranije n'imiyoboro 3 ya 2.4GHz, igabanya cyane ibimenyetso byumubyigano.Igipimo cyo kohereza rero 5GHz ni 5GHz yihuta kurenza 2.4GHz.
Umuyoboro wa 5GHz wa Wi-Fi ukoresheje protocole ya gatanu ya 802.11ac protocole irashobora kugera kumuvuduko wa 433Mbps munsi yumurongo wa 80MHz, naho umuvuduko wa 866Mbps munsi yumurongo wa 160MHz, ugereranije na 2,4GHz yohereza hejuru cyane igipimo cya 300Mbps Yatejwe imbere cyane.
5GHz Ntakumirwa
Ariko, 5GHz Wi-Fi nayo ifite ibitagenda neza.Inenge zayo ziri mu ntera yoherejwe hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo guca inzitizi.
Kuberako Wi-Fi ari umuyagankuba wa elegitoroniki, uburyo nyamukuru bwo gukwirakwiza ni umurongo ugororotse.Iyo ihuye nimbogamizi, izabyara kwinjira, gutekereza, gutandukana nibindi bintu.Muri byo, kwinjira ni byo by'ingenzi, kandi igice gito cy'ikimenyetso kizabaho.Gutekereza no gutandukana.Ibiranga umubiri wumurongo wa radio ni uko uko inshuro zingana, uburebure bwumurambararo, niko gutakaza igihombo mugihe cyo gukwirakwizwa, kwaguka kwagutse, kandi byoroshye kurenga inzitizi;urwego rwinshi, inshuro ntoya kandi niko bigoye.Genda uzenguruka inzitizi.
Kubwibyo, ikimenyetso cya 5G gifite inshuro nyinshi nuburebure bwumurongo mugufi bifite agace gato ugereranije, kandi ubushobozi bwo guca mu nzitizi ntabwo ari bwiza nka 2.4GHz.
Kubijyanye nintera yo kohereza, 2.4GHz Wi-Fi irashobora kugera kuri metero 70 murugo, hamwe na metero 250 hanze.Kandi 5GHz Wi-Fi irashobora kugera gusa kuri metero 35 murugo.
Igishushanyo gikurikira kirerekana igereranya ryubushakashatsi bwa site ya Ekahau hagati ya 2.4 GHz na 5 GHz ya bande yumurongo wubushakashatsi.Icyatsi kibisi cyijimye cyibigereranyo byombi byerekana umuvuduko wa 150 Mbps.Umutuku muri simulation ya 2.4 GHz yerekana umuvuduko wa 1 Mbps, naho umutuku muri 5 GHz werekana umuvuduko wa 6 Mbps.Nkuko mubibona, ubwinshi bwa 2.4 GHz APs nini cyane, ariko umuvuduko kumpera ya 5 GHz yihuta.
5 GHz na 2.4 GHz ni imirongo itandukanye, buri kimwe muri byo gifite ibyiza byumuyoboro wa Wi-Fi, kandi izo nyungu zishobora guterwa nuburyo utegura umuyoboro-cyane cyane iyo urebye intera nimbogamizi (inkuta, nibindi) ibimenyetso bishobora gukenera gutwikira Birakabije?
Niba ukeneye gupfuka ahantu hanini cyangwa ufite kwinjira cyane murukuta, 2.4 GHz bizaba byiza.Ariko, nta mbogamizi, 5 GHz nuburyo bwihuse.Iyo duhujije ibyiza nibibi byibi bice byombi byinshyi hanyuma tukabihuza murimwe, dukoresheje uburyo bubiri bwokugera kumurongo mugukoresha simusiga, turashobora gukuba kabiri umurongo mugari, kugabanya ingaruka zo kwivanga, no kwishimira impande zose A Wi nziza Umuyoboro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-09-2021