Choyamba, tiyenera kufotokoza momveka bwino kuti kuyankhulana kwa 5G sikufanana ndi 5Ghz Wi-Fi yomwe tikambirana lero.Kuyankhulana kwa 5G kwenikweni ndi chidule cha maukonde a 5th Generation, omwe makamaka amatanthauza ukadaulo wolumikizirana ndi mafoni.Ndipo 5G yathu apa ikutanthauza 5GHz muyeso ya WiFi, yomwe imatanthawuza chizindikiro cha WiFi chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito 5GHz frequency band kutumiza deta.
Pafupifupi zida zonse za Wi-Fi pamsika tsopano zimathandizira 2.4 GHz, ndipo zida zabwino zimatha kuthandizira zonse, zomwe ndi 2.4 GHz ndi 5 GHz.Ma routers amtundu woterewa amatchedwa ma router awiri opanda zingwe.
Tiyeni tikambirane za 2.4GHz ndi 5GHz mu netiweki ya Wi-Fi pansipa.
Kukula kwaukadaulo wa Wi-Fi kuli ndi mbiri yazaka 20, kuyambira m'badwo woyamba wa 802.11b mpaka 802.11g, 802.11a, 802.11n, mpaka 802.11ax (WiFi6).
Wi-Fi muyezo
WiFi opanda zingwe ndi chidule chabe.Iwo kwenikweni ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka 802.11 opanda zingwe Local area network standard.Chiyambireni kubadwa kwake mu 1997, mitundu yopitilira 35 yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yapangidwa.Mwa iwo, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac yapangidwanso mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yokhwima.
IEEE 802.11a
IEEE 802.11a ndi ndondomeko yosinthidwa ya 802.11 yapachiyambi ndipo inavomerezedwa mu 1999. Mulingo wa 802.11a umagwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yofanana ndi yoyambirira.Mafupipafupi ogwiritsira ntchito ndi 5GHz, 52 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing subcarriers amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mlingo waukulu wa kufalitsa kwa data ndi 54Mb / s, zomwe zimakwaniritsa kutulutsa kwapakatikati kwa maukonde enieni.(20Mb / s) zofunika.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa 2.4G frequency band, kugwiritsa ntchito 5G frequency band ndikusintha kofunikira kwa 802.11a.Komabe, zimabweretsanso mavuto.Mtunda wotumizira si wabwino ngati 802.11b/g;mwachidziwitso, zizindikiro za 5G ndizosavuta kutsekedwa ndi kutengeka ndi makoma, kotero kuphimba kwa 802.11a sikuli bwino monga 801.11b.802.11a ingathenso kusokonezedwa, koma chifukwa palibe zizindikiro zambiri zosokoneza pafupi, 802.11a nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwinoko.
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b ndi mulingo wa ma netiweki am'deralo opanda zingwe.Mafupipafupi onyamula ndi 2.4GHz, omwe angapereke maulendo angapo opatsirana a 1, 2, 5.5 ndi 11Mbit / s.Nthawi zina imalembedwa molakwika ngati Wi-Fi.M'malo mwake, Wi-Fi ndi chizindikiro cha Wi-Fi Alliance.Chizindikirochi chimangotsimikizira kuti katundu wogwiritsa ntchito chizindikirocho amatha kugwirizana, ndipo alibe chochita ndi muyezo womwewo.Mu 2.4-GHz ISM frequency band, pali mayendedwe 11 onse okhala ndi bandwidth ya 22MHz, omwe ndi ma 11 opitilira ma frequency band.Wolowa m'malo mwa IEEE 802.11b ndi IEEE 802.11g.
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11g inadutsa mu July 2003. Mafupipafupi a chonyamulira chake ndi 2.4GHz (mofanana ndi 802.11b), okwana 14 magulu pafupipafupi, liwiro la kufala koyambirira ndi 54Mbit / s, ndipo liwiro la kufalitsa ukonde ndi za 24.7Mbit / s (zofanana ndi 802.11a).Zida za 802.11g ndizotsika pansi zimagwirizana ndi 802.11b.
Pambuyo pake, ena opanga ma rauta opanda zingwe adapanga miyezo yatsopano yotengera muyezo wa IEEE 802.11g poyankha zosowa za msika, ndikuwonjezera liwiro lofikira ku 108Mbit/s kapena 125Mbit/s.
IEEE 802.11n
IEEE 802.11n ndi muyezo wopangidwa pamaziko a 802.11-2007 ndi gulu latsopano logwira ntchito lomwe linapangidwa ndi IEEE mu Januwale 2004 ndipo lidavomerezedwa mu Seputembara 2009. Mulingowo umawonjezera kuthandizira kwa MIMO, kulola bandwidth yopanda zingwe ya 40MHz, ndi chiphunzitsocho. pazipita kufala liwiro ndi 600Mbit/s.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pogwiritsa ntchito code block block yomwe inaperekedwa ndi Alamouti, muyezowo umakulitsa kuchuluka kwa kufalitsa deta.
IEEE 802.11ac
IEEE 802.11ac ndi mulingo wolumikizirana wamakompyuta wopanda zingwe wa 802.11, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito 6GHz frequency band (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti 5GHz frequency band) polumikizirana ndi mawayilesi amderali (WLAN).Mwachidziwitso, imatha kupereka osachepera 1 Gigabit pa sekondi iliyonse ya bandwidth yolumikizana ndi ma multi-station wireless local area network (WLAN), kapena osachepera 500 megabits pamphindi (500 Mbit / s) pa bandwidth imodzi yotumizira.
Imatengera ndikukulitsa lingaliro la mawonekedwe a mpweya lochokera ku 802.11n, kuphatikiza: RF bandwidth (mpaka 160 MHz), mitsinje yambiri ya MIMO (kuwonjezeka mpaka 8), MU-MIMO , Ndi kutsika kwakukulu (kusinthasintha, mpaka 256QAM) ).Ndiwolowa m'malo mwa IEEE 802.11n.
IEEE 802.11ax
Mu 2017, Broadcom idatsogola pakukhazikitsa 802.11ax opanda zingwe chip.Chifukwa 802.11ad yapitayi inali makamaka mu 60GHZ frequency band, ngakhale kuthamanga kwapatsirako kunawonjezeka, kufalikira kwake kunali kochepa, ndipo kunakhala teknoloji yogwira ntchito yomwe inathandiza 802.11ac.Malinga ndi pulojekiti yovomerezeka ya IEEE, Wi-Fi ya m'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi yomwe idzalandira 802.11ac ndi 802.11ax, ndipo chida chothandizira chakhazikitsidwa kuyambira 2018.
Kusiyana pakati pa 2.4 GHz ndi 5 GHz
M'badwo woyamba wamagetsi otumizira opanda zingwe IEEE 802.11 adabadwa mu 1997, zida zambiri zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma frequency opanda zingwe a 2.4GHz, monga ma uvuni a microwave, zida za Bluetooth, ndi zina zambiri, zitha kusokoneza 2.4GHz Wi-FI, kotero Chizindikirocho chimakhudzidwa pamlingo wina, monga msewu wokhala ndi ngolo zokokedwa ndi akavalo, njinga ndi magalimoto othamanga nthawi imodzi, ndipo kuthamanga kwa magalimoto kumakhudzidwa mwachibadwa.
5GHz WiFi imagwiritsa ntchito bandi yapamwamba kwambiri kuti ibweretse kuchepa kwa mayendedwe.Imagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe a 22 ndipo sichisokonezana.Poyerekeza ndi mayendedwe a 3 a 2.4GHz, imachepetsa kwambiri kusanja kwa ma sign.Chifukwa chake kuchuluka kwa 5GHz ndi 5GHz mwachangu kuposa 2.4GHz.
Gulu la ma frequency a 5GHz Wi-Fi lomwe limagwiritsa ntchito protocol ya 802.11ac ya m'badwo wachisanu limatha kufikira liwiro la 433Mbps pansi pa bandiwifi ya 80MHz, komanso kuthamanga kwa 866Mbps pansi pa bandwidth ya 160MHz, poyerekeza ndi liwiro la 2.4GHz lapamwamba kwambiri. mlingo wa 300Mbps wakhala bwino kwambiri.
5 GHz Yopanda malire
Komabe, 5GHz Wi-Fi ilinso ndi zolakwika.Zolakwika zake zimakhala pamtunda wotumizira komanso kuthekera kodutsa zopinga.
Chifukwa Wi-Fi ndi mafunde amagetsi, njira yake yayikulu yofalitsira ndikufalitsa mizere yowongoka.Ikakumana ndi zopinga, imatulutsa kulowa, kusinkhasinkha, kusokoneza ndi zochitika zina.Pakati pawo, kulowa ndilo lalikulu, ndipo gawo laling'ono la chizindikiro lidzachitika.Kulingalira ndi kusokoneza.Maonekedwe a thupi la mafunde a wailesi ndikuti kutsika kwafupipafupi, kutalika kwa kutalika kwa mawonekedwe, kutayika kochepa panthawi yofalitsa, kufalikira kwakukulu, komanso kumakhala kosavuta kudutsa zopinga;kumtunda kwafupipafupi, kufalikira kwazing'ono komanso kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.Pitani kuzungulira zopinga.
Chifukwa chake, chizindikiro cha 5G chokhala ndi ma frequency apamwamba komanso kutalika kwafupipafupi kumakhala ndi malo ocheperako, ndipo kuthekera kodutsa zopinga sikuli bwino ngati 2.4GHz.
Pankhani ya mtunda wotumizira, 2.4GHz Wi-Fi imatha kufika pamtunda wa mamita 70 m'nyumba, ndi kufalikira kwa mamita 250 panja.Ndipo 5GHz Wi-Fi imatha kufika pamtunda wa mamita 35 m'nyumba.
Chithunzi chomwe chili pansipa chikuwonetsa kufananiza kwa Ekahau Site Survey pakati pa 2.4 GHz ndi 5 GHz frequency band kwa wojambula.Zobiriwira zakuda kwambiri pazithunzi ziwirizi zikuyimira liwiro la 150 Mbps.Chofiira mu kayeseleledwe ka 2.4 GHz chimasonyeza liwiro la 1 Mbps, ndipo chofiira mu 5 GHz chimasonyeza liwiro la 6 Mbps.Monga mukuwonera, kuphimba kwa 2.4 GHz APs ndikokulirapo pang'ono, koma kuthamanga m'mphepete mwa 5 GHz kumathamanga.
5 GHz ndi 2.4 GHz ndi ma frequency osiyanasiyana, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi maubwino pamanetiweki a Wi-Fi, ndipo zabwino izi zitha kutengera momwe mumapangira maukonde-makamaka poganizira zamitundu ndi zopinga (makoma, ndi zina) zomwe chizindikirocho chingafunike. kuphimba Kodi zachuluka?
Ngati mukufuna kuphimba malo okulirapo kapena kulowa m'makoma apamwamba, 2.4 GHz ikhala yabwinoko.Komabe, popanda malire awa, 5 GHz ndi njira yachangu.Tikaphatikiza zabwino ndi zovuta zamagulu awiriwa ndikuphatikiza kukhala amodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito malo olumikizirana amitundu iwiri mumayendedwe opanda zingwe, titha kuwirikiza ma bandwidth opanda zingwe, kuchepetsa kusokoneza, ndikusangalala ndi Wi-Fi yabwinoko mozungulira. - Fi network.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-09-2021