Njira yogwiritsira ntchito kuwala kufalitsa uthenga tinganene kuti ndi mbiri yakale.
"Beacon Tower" yamakono yalola anthu kuti azitha kufalitsa uthenga kudzera mu kuwala.Komabe, njira yolankhulirana yachikale iyi ndi yobwerera m'mbuyo, yocheperako ndi mtunda wopatsirana womwe umawoneka ndi maso, ndipo kudalirika sikwapamwamba.Ndi zosowa za chitukuko cha mauthenga a chikhalidwe cha anthu, kubadwa kwa kulankhulana kwamakono kwamakono kwalimbikitsidwa kwambiri.
Yambitsani ukadaulo wamakono wolumikizana ndi kuwala
Mu 1800, Alexander Graham Bell anapanga "telefoni yowonekera."
Mu 1966, British-Chinese Gao Kun anapereka chiphunzitso cha optical CHIKWANGWANI kufala, koma pa nthawiyo CHIKWANGWANI kutayika anali okwera 1000dB/km.
Mu 1970, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha quartz fiber ndi semiconductor laser teknoloji inachepetsa kutayika kwa fiber mpaka 20dB/km, ndipo mphamvu ya laser ndiyokwera, kudalirika kumakhala kolimba.
Mu 1976, kupitirizabe kukula kwa teknoloji ya optical fiber kunachepetsa kutayika kwa 0.47dB / km, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutayika kwa sing'anga yopatsirana kunathetsedwa, zomwe zinalimbikitsa chitukuko champhamvu cha teknoloji ya optical transmission.
Unikaninso mbiri yachitukuko cha netiweki yotumizira
Maukonde opatsirana adutsa zaka zopitilira makumi anayi.Mwachidule, idakumana ndi PDH, SDH/MSTP,
Kukula kwaukadaulo komanso kusinthika kwapadziko lonse kwa WDM/OTN ndi PeOTN.
M'badwo woyamba wama netiweki opanda zingwe kuti apereke mautumiki amawu adatengera ukadaulo wa PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy).
Mbadwo wachiwiri umapereka mautumiki opezeka pa Webusaiti ndi mizere yodzipereka ya TDM, pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa SD (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)/MSTP (Multi-Service Transport Platform).
Mbadwo wachitatu unayamba kuthandizira kugwirizanitsa mavidiyo ndi malo opangira deta, pogwiritsa ntchito luso la WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, Wavelength Division Multiplexing) / OTN (Optical Transmission Network, Optical Transmission Network).
M'badwo wachinayi umatsimikizira mavidiyo a 4K odziwika bwino komanso luso lachinsinsi lachinsinsi, pogwiritsa ntchito luso la PeOTN (Packet enhancedOTN, paketi yowonjezera OTN).
Kumayambiriro koyambirira kwa mibadwo iwiri yoyambirira, mautumiki a mawu, intaneti ya intaneti ndi mautumiki achinsinsi a TDM, oimiridwa ndi teknoloji ya SDH/MSTP synchronous digital system, imathandizira maulendo angapo monga Ethernet, ATM / IMA, ndi zina zotero. imatha kulumikiza CBR/VBR yosiyana.Gwirizanitsani ntchito mu mafelemu a SDH, patulani mapaipi olimba, ndipo yang'anani ntchito zothamanga kwambiri komanso zazing'ono.
Pambuyo polowa mu gawo lachitukuko cha m'badwo wachitatu, ndi kukula kofulumira kwa mphamvu zothandizira kulankhulana, makamaka mavidiyo ndi mautumiki ogwirizanitsa ma data center, bandwidth ya intaneti yafulumizitsidwa.Ukadaulo wosanjikiza woyimiridwa ndi ukadaulo wa WDM umapangitsa kuti fiber imodzi ikhale ndi mautumiki ambiri.Makamaka, teknoloji ya DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabwalo akuluakulu apakhomo, kuthetsa vuto la kufalitsa.Nkhani ya mtunda ndi mphamvu ya bandwidth.Poyang'ana kukula kwa zomangamanga, 80x100G yakhala yodziwika kwambiri pamizere yamtunda wautali, ndipo ma 80x200G am'deralo ndi maukonde a m'matawuni akukula mofulumira.
Pakunyamula ntchito zophatikizika monga makanema ndi mizere yodzipatulira, maukonde oyambira amafunikira kusinthasintha komanso luntha.Chifukwa chake, ukadaulo wa OTN umatuluka pang'onopang'ono.OTN ndi njira yatsopano yaukadaulo yaukadaulo wapamaso yofotokozedwa ndi ITU-T G.872, G.798, G.709 ndi ma protocol ena.Zimaphatikizapo dongosolo lathunthu la mawonekedwe a kuwala ndi magetsi, ndipo ali ndi maukonde ofanana pagawo lililonse.Njira yowunikira kasamalidwe ndi njira yopulumukira pa intaneti.Potengera momwe ma network akunyumba akugwirira ntchito, OTN yakhala mulingo wotumizira ma netiweki, makamaka pomanga ma netiweki am'deralo ndi ma netiweki akumatauni.Ukadaulo wa OTN wotengera magetsi osanjikiza magetsi umakhazikitsidwa, ndipo zomangamanga zolekanitsa nthambi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito., Kuti mukwaniritse kufalikira kwa mbali ya netiweki ndi mbali ya mzere, kuwongolera kwambiri kusinthasintha kwa maukonde komanso kuthekera kotsegula mwachangu ndikutumiza ntchito.
Kusintha kwa maukonde okhudzana ndi bizinesi
Kupititsa patsogolo kusintha kwa digito m'madera onse a chikhalidwe cha anthu kwadzetsa chitukuko chofanana cha makampani onse a ICT ndi chuma cha digito, ndipo kwalimbikitsa ndi kuyambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa makampani.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono m'mafakitale oyimirira, mafakitale azikhalidwe ndi njira zogwirira ntchito ndi mitundu yamabizinesi akumangidwanso nthawi zonse, kuphatikiza: zachuma, zochitika za boma, chithandizo chamankhwala, maphunziro, mafakitale ndi zina.Poyang'anizana ndi kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa mabizinesi apamwamba komanso osiyana siyana, ukadaulo wa PeOTN pang'onopang'ono wayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
·Magawo a L0 ndi L1 amapereka mapaipi olimba "olimba" omwe amaimiridwa ndi wavelength λ ndi sub-channel ODUk.Kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi kuchedwa kochepa ndizo ubwino wake waukulu.
·Kusanjikiza kwa L2 kungapereke chitoliro "chofewa" chosinthika.Kuthamanga kwa chitoliro kumagwirizana kwathunthu ndi utumiki ndikusintha ndi kusintha kwa magalimoto a utumiki.Kusinthasintha ndi zomwe zimafunidwa ndizo zabwino zake zazikulu.
Kuphatikiza ubwino wa SDH/MSTP/MPLS-TP ponyamula mautumiki ang'onoang'ono, kupanga L0 + L1 + L2 njira yoyendetsera zoyendera, kumanga nsanja yoyendera maulendo angapo PeOTN, kupanga mphamvu yonyamulira yokwanira yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri pa intaneti imodzi.Mu 2009, ITU-T inakulitsa mphamvu zotumizira za OTN kuti zithandizire ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndikuphatikizanso PeOTN mu muyezo.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ogwira ntchito padziko lonse lapansi ayesetsa kuchitapo kanthu pamsika wabizinesi wamabizinesi aboma.Ogwira ntchito zapakhomo atatu akugwira ntchito mwakhama pomanga ma network a boma a OTN.Makampani akuchigawo nawonso adayika ndalama zambiri.Pakadali pano, oposa 30 ogwira ntchito kumakampani akuchigawo atsegula OTN.Netiweki yapamwamba kwambiri yachinsinsi, ndikutulutsa zinthu zamtengo wapatali zachinsinsi zochokera ku PeOTN, kulimbikitsa maukonde oyendera kuchokera ku "basic resource network" kupita ku "business bearer network."
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-04-2021