1.Ka'idar tsaro ta hanyar sadarwa
A cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa mara waya, mahimmancin tsaro na cibiyar sadarwa ba za a iya wuce gona da iri ba.Wifi cibiyar sadarwar mara waya ce wacce ke ba da damar na'urori da masu amfani da yawa don haɗawa da Intanet ta hanyar shiga guda ɗaya.Wifi kuma ana yawan amfani da shi a wuraren jama'a, inda ba a da ikon sarrafa wanda zai iya haɗawa da hanyar sadarwa.A cikin gine-ginen kamfanoni, ana buƙatar kiyaye mahimman bayanai idan masu satar bayanai suka yi ƙoƙarin lalata ko satar bayanai.
Wifi 5 tana goyan bayan ka'idojin WPA da WPA2 don amintaccen haɗin gwiwa.Waɗannan mahimman abubuwan inganta tsaro ne akan ƙa'idar WEP da ta tsufa, amma yanzu tana da lahani da rauni da yawa.Ɗayan irin wannan rauni shine harin ƙamus, inda masu aikata laifukan yanar gizo zasu iya hango rufaffen kalmar sirrinku tare da yunƙuri da haɗuwa da yawa.
Wifi 6 sanye take da sabuwar ka'idar tsaro WPA3.Don haka, na'urorin da ke goyan bayan Wifi 6 suna amfani da ka'idojin WPA, WPA2, da WPA3 lokaci guda.Samun Kariyar Wifi 3 Ingantattun hanyoyin tantance abubuwa da yawa da tsarin ɓoyewa.Yana da fasahar OWE da ke hana ɓoyewa ta atomatik, kuma a ƙarshe, lambobin OR masu iya dubawa ana haɗa su kai tsaye zuwa na'urar.
2.Gudun watsa bayanai
Gudu abu ne mai mahimmanci kuma mai ban sha'awa wanda dole ne sabbin fasahohi su magance su kafin a iya fitar da su.Gudun yana da mahimmanci ga duk abin da ke faruwa akan Intanet da kowace irin hanyar sadarwa.Matsakaicin farashi yana nufin gajeriyar lokutan zazzagewa, mafi kyawun yawo, saurin canja wurin bayanai, ingantaccen bidiyo da taron murya, saurin bincike da ƙari.
Wifi 5 yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin saurin canja wurin bayanai na 6.9 Gbps.A rayuwa ta gaske, matsakaicin saurin canja wurin bayanai na daidaitattun 802.11ac kusan 200Mbps ne.Adadin da mizanin Wifi ke aiki ya dogara da QAM(quadrature amplitude modulation) da adadin na'urorin da aka haɗa zuwa wurin shiga ko na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.Wifi 5 yana amfani da 256-QAM modulation, wanda yayi ƙasa da Wifi 6. Bugu da ƙari, Wifi 5 MU-MIMO fasaha yana ba da damar haɗin na'urori guda hudu a lokaci guda.Ƙarin na'urori na nufin cunkoso da rarraba bandwidth, yana haifar da saurin gudu ga kowace na'ura.
Sabanin haka, Wifi 6 shine mafi kyawun zaɓi dangane da saurin gudu, musamman idan cibiyar sadarwar tana cunkoso.Yana amfani da ƙirar 1024-QAM don matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙimar watsawa har zuwa 9.6Gbps.wi-fi 5 da wi-fi 6 gudun ba sa bambanta da yawa daga na'ura zuwa na'ura.Wifi 6 koyaushe yana sauri, amma fa'idar saurin gaske shine lokacin da aka haɗa na'urori da yawa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar Wifi.Matsakaicin adadin na'urorin da aka haɗa waɗanda ke haifar da raguwar saurin gudu da ƙarfin Intanet na na'urorin Wifi 5 da na'urori masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa yayin amfani da Wifi 6 ba za a iya lura da su ba.
3. Hanyar samar da katako
Beam forming dabara ce ta watsa sigina wacce ke jagorantar siginar mara waya zuwa takamaiman mai karɓa, maimakon yada siginar daga wata hanya daban.Yin amfani da beamforming, wurin shiga zai iya aika bayanai kai tsaye zuwa na'urar maimakon watsa siginar a duk kwatance.Beam forming ba sabuwar fasaha ba ce kuma tana da aikace-aikace a cikin Wifi 4 da Wifi 5. A cikin ma'aunin Wifi 5, eriya huɗu kawai ake amfani da su.Wifi 6, duk da haka, yana amfani da eriya takwas.Mafi kyawun ikon Wifi na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa don amfani da fasahar ƙirƙirar katako, mafi kyawun ƙimar bayanai da kewayon siginar.
4. Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Hanya (OFDMA)
Wifi 5 yana amfani da fasaha mai suna orthogonal mita division multiplexing (OFDM) don sarrafa hanyar sadarwa.Dabarar ce don sarrafa adadin masu amfani da ke shiga wani mai ɗaukar kaya na musamman a wani lokaci.A cikin ma'auni na 802.11ac, maƙallan 20mhz, 40mhz, 80mhz da 160mhz suna da masu jigilar kayayyaki 64, masu jigilar kayayyaki 128, masu jigilar kayayyaki 256 da masu ɗaukar kaya 512 bi da bi.Wannan yana iyakance adadin masu amfani da za su iya haɗawa da amfani da hanyar sadarwar Wifi a wani lokaci.
Wifi 6, a daya bangaren, yana amfani da OFDMA(orthogonal mitar division mahara access).Fasaha ta OFDMA tana ninka sararin mai ɗaukar kaya da ke akwai a cikin rukunin mitoci iri ɗaya.Ta yin wannan, masu amfani ba dole ba ne su jira a layi don ƙaramin mai ɗaukar kaya kyauta, amma suna iya samun ɗaya cikin sauƙi.
OFDMA tana keɓance sassan albarkatu daban-daban ga masu amfani da yawa.OFDMA na buƙatar ninki huɗu na masu ɗaukar kaya a kowane tashoshi kamar fasahar da ta gabata.Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin tashoshin 20mhz, 40mhz, 80mhz, da 160mhz, ma'aunin 802.11ax yana da 256, 512, 1024, da 2048 bi da bi.Wannan yana rage cunkoso da latency, koda lokacin haɗa na'urori da yawa.OFDMA yana inganta inganci kuma yana rage jinkiri, yana mai da shi manufa don ayyukan ƙananan bandwidth.
5. Mai amfani da yawa Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO)
MU MIMO yana nufin "mai amfani da yawa, shigarwa da yawa, fitarwa da yawa".Fasaha ce mara waya wacce ke baiwa masu amfani da yawa damar sadarwa tare da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa lokaci guda.Daga Wifi 5 zuwa Wifi 6, karfin MU MIMO ya sha bamban sosai.
Wifi 5 yana amfani da downlink, hanya ɗaya 4 × 4 MU-MIMO.Wannan yana nufin cewa masu amfani da yawa tare da ƙayyadaddun iyakancewa zasu iya samun dama ga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da tsayayyen haɗin Wifi.Da zarar an wuce iyakar watsawa lokaci guda 4, Wifi ya zama cunkoso kuma ya fara nuna alamun cunkoso, kamar karuwar latency, asarar fakiti, da sauransu.
Wifi 6 yana amfani da fasahar 8×8 MU MIMO.Wannan na iya ɗaukar har zuwa na'urori 8 da aka haɗa da kuma amfani da LAN mara waya ta aiki ba tare da tsangwama ba.Mafi kyau duk da haka, haɓakawar Wifi 6 MU MIMO bidirectional ne, ma'ana na'urorin haɗi na iya haɗawa da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa akan madaukai masu yawa.Wannan yana nufin ingantaccen ikon loda bayanai zuwa Intanet, da sauran amfani.
6. Maɗaukakin Ƙwaƙwalwa
Bambanci ɗaya bayyananne tsakanin Wifi 5 da Wifi 6 shine madaurin mitar fasahar biyu.Wifi 5 kawai yana amfani da band ɗin 5GHz kuma yana da ƙarancin tsangwama.Rashin hasara shi ne cewa siginar siginar ya fi guntu kuma an rage ikon shiga bango da sauran cikas.
Wifi 6, a gefe guda, yana amfani da mitoci guda biyu, daidaitaccen 2.4Ghz da 5Ghz.A cikin Wifi 6e, masu haɓakawa za su ƙara rukunin 6ghz zuwa dangin Wifi 6.Wifi 6 yana amfani da duka nau'ikan 2.4Ghz da 5Ghz, wanda ke nufin cewa na'urori za su iya dubawa ta atomatik da amfani da wannan rukunin tare da ƙarancin tsangwama kuma mafi dacewa.Ta wannan hanyar, masu amfani suna samun mafi kyawun hanyoyin sadarwa guda biyu, tare da saurin gudu a kusa da kewayo da faffadan kewayo lokacin da keɓaɓɓun ba su cikin wuri ɗaya.
7. Samun BSS canza launi
BSS canza launin wani fasalin Wifi 6 ne wanda ya bambanta shi da al'ummomin da suka gabata.Wannan sabon fasalin ma'aunin Wifi 6 ne.BSS, ko saitin sabis na asali, shi kansa fasalin kowace hanyar sadarwa 802.11.Koyaya, Wifi 6 kawai da tsararraki masu zuwa zasu iya tantance launukan BSS daga wasu na'urori ta amfani da masu gano launi na BSS.Wannan fasalin yana da mahimmanci saboda yana taimakawa hana sigina daga haɗuwa.
8. Bambancin lokacin ƙuruciya
Latency yana nufin jinkirin watsa fakiti daga wuri guda zuwa wani.Matsakaicin saurin jinkiri kusa da sifili shine mafi kyawu, yana nuni kaɗan ko babu jinkiri.Idan aka kwatanta da Wifi 5, Wifi 6 yana da ɗan gajeren jinkiri, yana mai da shi manufa ga ƙungiyoyin kasuwanci da kasuwanci.Masu amfani da gida kuma za su so wannan fasalin akan sabbin samfuran Wifi, saboda yana nufin shigar da saurihaɗin Intanet.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-10-2024